Pavement and metal reinforce therefor.



PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907.

E. H. BENNERS.

PAVEMENT AND METAL REINFOROE THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 12,1906.

WIT" ESSES q QME M.

EDWIN H. BENNERS, OF ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY.

PAVEMENT AND METAL REBNFORCE THEREFOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Feb. 26,1907.

' Applicationfiled July 12,1906. Serial to. 325,767. I

To albwhom, it may concern: I

Be it known that I, EDWIN H. BENNERs, of Elizabeth, Union county, State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Pavementand Metal Reinforce Therefor, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to pavements of the so-called concrete or "asphalt type, and has for its object to provide an improved surface reinforce for such pavements without requiring any change in the manner of laying the same as now universally practiced.

I am aware of the patent to J. .C. Bayles, No. 781,869, issued February 7, 1905, and it is the prime object of the present invention to overcome certain disadvantages of the patented device. Experiment with the Bayles device has shown that it tends to work loose under wear, and therefore I propose to prevent loosening of the reinforcing element without complicating the structure thereof and without increasing its cost. Another disadvantage in the 'Bayles, device resides in the fact that it tends to bend or buckle, while in the resent device this bending or buckling is e ectually prevented. r.

According to the Bayles-method the metal reinforcing-strips remain at their initial level when the surface of the pavement has worn,

away, whereby the reinforcing-strips project above the main surface of the pavement to the great inconvenience of travel. In view of this difficulty" I propose to construct the metal reinforce so as to permit sinkin thereof in the plastic surface material by tile passage of vehicle-wheels thereacross, thereby to effectually maintain the exposed upper edge of the reinforce in substantially the same plane as the surface of the pavement, and thus the pavement always presents a smooth upper surface.

In the production of asphalt pavements it is essential that a predetermined surface compression be produced by rollin the surface, and this compressionis materia ly interfered with by the use of the Bayles reinforce, for the reason that such reinforce does not readily sink under the weight of a rolling-machine,

and hence prevents the proper compression of the surface material. Having appreciated v this defect, I propose to entirely obviate the same by forming the reinforce in such a manner as to insure proper depression thereof under the weight of the rolling-machine, so as to obtainnthe necessary compression of the surface material.

With these and other objects in view th present invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts, as will be herenafter more fully described, shown in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view .showing a portion of a pavement provided with one form of my improved surface reinforce. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 areenlarged detail cross-sectional views showing different forms of reinforcing-strips. Fig. 5 is a detail plan view showing a form of reinforce wherein the strips are infolded. Figs. 6 and 7 are plan views showing other manners of folding the reinforcing-strips. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of one end of a reinforcingstrip having a rounded or convexed extremity. Fig. 9 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of a portion of a pavement embodying the features of the present invention. Q Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in each of the figures of the drawings.

The reinforcing element of the present invention maybe embodied as a strip or in the As indi' form'of a grille bent from a stri cated at 2 and as best shown in igs. 2, 3, 4, 8, and 9, the surface reinforce consistsof a metallic strip of suitable len th, and preferably about one inch wide an one-qu arter of an inch thick, the lower edge being beveled or tapered, as at 3, to produce a penetrating lower edge and to provide longitudinal shoulders 3, upon opposite sides of the strip and extending throughout its entire length. It is preferred to roll the strip from plain stock, thereby to produce the tapered lower edge and longitudinal shoulders. It will here be explained that I do not limit myself to any precise shape for the lower edge of the strip, as will be understood by reference to Figs. 2, 3, and 4. In Figs. 2 and 3' the rib produced by the shoulders is substantially triangular in cross-section, whereas in Fig. 4 the crosssectional sha e is semi-elliptical or rounded; but in each orm the sides converge downwardl The rolling of the strip to form the shoul ers 3 of course produces a thickened rib upon the lower edge ofthe strip, and this ICC rib not only presents the shoulders 3, but

. der the action of vehicle-wheelais efiectually posed surface of the pavemenhwhereby the objectionable projectnig of the strips above the surface is prevented in a very simple and ordinarymanner. The rigid foundation 7 I first being laid, a binder. 8 of cement is then placed upon the top of the foundation, and then a layer 9 of asphalt is placed u on the binder. In applying my inventiont e reinforcing elements are forced down into the plastic surfacematerial, which a plication is materially facilitated by :the s ape, of the pinetrating lower edge of the elements, and ally the surface material is rolled to bring about the proper compression. .By' reason, of the lower penetrating edge of the reinforcing stri s or elements the strips readilysink under t e action of the rolle and-therefore do not interfere in anynn ii hatsoever with the surface Compression err-the reinforcing elements havejthus bee v embeddedin the plastic material; theiatter'ofcourse fills in snugly over the tops 'ofihe j'shoulders,

which, thereby constitute anehoring; devices and effectually prevent upwardworkin'g of the strips. l-lencelooseness of tliestripsunprevented. v,

While the reinforeing semen are prevented from working .u ward un e'r. climatic conditions andunder t e effects. of blows' by vehicle-wheels, the penetrating lower edge permits of the ready sinking of the reinforce,-

so as to compensate for weaniupon the ex eflicient manner. a

In addition to preventing upward working of the reinforce it is apparent thatthe barbs or shouldered lower portions of the strip, effectualy prevent tilting thereof under the impact of vehicle wheels upon one end only of the strip. 1 Y

It is apparent that wearin away of the surface material will expose 1516 extremities of a strip, and therefore I propose to round each uppercornerof the strip, as shown in Fig.8, so as to avoid a definite projection when the surface material wears away.

The simplest form of the invention is that of a straight bar; but I also contemplate bending a bar toform a grille, different forms of grillesbeing shown in Figs. '5, 6, and 7 of the drawings, and it is of course'appar'ent that many other. shapes may-be produced.

,A very important feature of the present invention resides in the fact that it is not necessary to infold the ends of the bar when the ,seaeee latter-is bent into the form of a grille to 1'0 tect'the ends and prevent them from wor ing upward, as sug ested in the Bayles patent, for the reason the shoulders or barbs effectua lyprevents upward working of the ends of thestrip.

' From the foregoin description it will be understood thatthe evice of the present invention is very simple and effective for the purposes designed. The application of the device] does not require any change in the steps now universally followed in the produc tion of concrete; or ,"asphalt pavements. Moreover, the device is not limited to any particular sha e to obtain the most effective resultsyandflt erefore it will be understood that changes may be made'in the form and arrangementof the surface reinforce within the scope ofthe claims without departing from the present inventionI Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, and is desired to be secured by Letters Patent,.is

1,v A pavement formed of plastic material having anembedded metal surface reinforce free. to sink'a'nd provided with means to prevent upward working ofisaidreinforce.

2. iApsivl'ement formedf .f plastic material at-the present rovlsion of an-embeddedbarbed'metal surface reinforce free to sink and having its barbed portion arranged to prevent upward working of thereinforcei 3.1"A pavement formed of plastic material having an embedded metal surface reinforce freetofisinkand provided with a longitudinal shol'llldergto'prevent upward working of the .reinforcezj 4. A pavementformed of plastic material having an embedded metal surface reinforce free to sink and provided adjacent'its lower edge with longitudinal shouldersupon oppo-v site sides to. prevent'upw'ard working of the reinforce.

5. pavement formed of lastic material having a metal surface rei 'orce embedded therein, said'reinforce being provided with a lower penetratingedge.

6. A pavement formed of plastic material having a metal surface reinforce embedded therein, the lower edge of the reinforce being beveledv to form a penetrating edge. 7. A pavement formed of lastic material having a metal surface rei 'orce embedded therein, the lower edge portion of the reinforce having its opposite sides converged downwardly to form a penetrating edge.

8. A pavement, formed of plastic material having a metal surface reinforce embeddedtherein, said reinforce having apenetrating lower edge, and shoulders above said edge to prevent upward working of the reinforce.

9. A pavement formed of plastic material having a' metal. surface reinforce embedded therein,,.said reinforce being provided with opposite longitudinal shoulders to prevent up- Manse ward working of the reinforce, and opposite sides of the reinforce being converged downwardly from the shoulders to form a penetrating lower edge.

10. A pavement comprising a foundation, plastic material thereon, and ametal surface reinforce embedded edgewise in the plastic material, the lower edge of the reinforce terminating short of the foundation and shaped to permit sinking of the reinforce to compensate for wear on the surface of the pavement.

11. As a new article of .manufacture, .a metal surface reinforce for pavements having a penetrating lower edge.

12. As a new article of manufacture, a metal surface reinforce forpavements having shoulders upon op osite sides and tapered downwardly from t e shoulders to provide a lower penetrating edge.

13. A pavement formed of plastic material having a metal surface reinforce embedded therein and provided with a lower penetrating edge, and means to prevent upward working of said reinforce.

14. A pavement formed of plastic material having a barbed metal surface reinforce embedded therein and provided with a lower penetrating edge, the barbed portion being arranged to prevent upward Working of the reinforce.

15. A pavement formed of plastic material having a metal surface reinforce embedded therein and provided with a lower penetrating edge, said reinforce being provided with a longitudinal shoulder to prevent upward working of the reinforce.

16. A pavement formed of lastic material having a metal surface'rein orce embedded therein and provided with a lower penetrating edge, and longitudinal shoulders upon opposite sides of the reinforce to prevent up- Ward working thereof.

. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand July 5, 1906.

EDWIN H. BENNERS.

.Witnesses:

GEORGE H. SONNE BORN, EMILY LONG. 

